Rakugo op 2 shiira ringo12/25/2023 The figure increases when one includes those who are merely interested in Japan. viiĪccording to figures compiled by the Japan Foundation (2003), over 2,350,000 non-Japanese are currently studying Japanese or conducting research on the Japanese language. It is especially gratifying to present this book to my husband, Endo Akira, just a few months after he received the Japan Prize for his dis covery of Statin, a pharmaceutical cure for high cholesterol. Thanks to their generosity and professional discernment, this long-awaited English-lan guage edition of A Cultural History of Japanese Women's Language has finally reached print. The editorial staff at the Center for Japanese Studies Publications at the Universi ty of Michigan-Bruce Willoughby, Robert Mory, and Leslie Pincus-went over the manuscript with a fine-tooth comb and a sharp eye. To each of these three talented translators and scholars, I owe a great debt of gratitude. With the support of a translation grant from the Japanese Ministry of Education, I was able to arrange for a translation of the original Japanese through the combined efforts of Geraldine Harcourt and Heather Souter and for editorial revisions by Claire Marie. Encouraged by this interest in the book, I returned to the idea of pub lishing an English version. To my great pleasure, not only was the book well received by readers with an interest in the topic, but it was used as a text for university courses and com munity education programs. The book that resulted from these efforts was first published as Onna no kotoba no bunka-shi (A Cultural History of Women's Language) by Gakuyo shobo. I spent the next four years in and out of libraries researching the cul tural history of "women's language" from ancient times to the present. First of all, I wanted students of the Japanese language who were studying abroad to realize that women didn't necessarily use the so-called the "feminine" language presented in Japanese language textbooks and, second, I wanted to convey to readers that the sex ist language in Japanese, far from an essential and natural aspect of Japa nese, was in fact constructed by a specific social-historical system. Ultimately, that particular proposal never came to fruition, but my own ambition to clarify the nature of Japanese discriminatory language for non-Japanese readers grew stronger. Suzuki Kazuki in the editorial department of Japan Quarterly, I published a short essay titled "Sexism in Japanese-Language Dictionaries." Almost as soon as the article appeared in print, a publisher in England suggested that I write a book on the same theme. Differences in language usage by men and women (by sex and age) Differences in language usage by men and women (by sex) Comparison of Meiji and Showa women's speech patterns Comparison of winners of the Akutagawa Prize by gender Comparison of numbers of literary works, by gender of author Printed in the United States of AmericaĬhapter 1: Women and the Ancient LanguageĬhapter 2: Women's Language in the Kamakura and Muromachi Periods: Actualization of Gendered Language DifferencesĬhapter 3: Women's Language in the Edo Period: Reinforcement of Restrictions on Women's SpeechĬhapter 4: Women's Language in the Meiji and Taisho Periods: The Entrenchment of Women's Language in EducationĬhapter 5: Women's Language in the Showa Period: From Asobase to the Easing of Gender DifferfencesĬhapter 6: Women's Language Today: Women Coining Words, Women Playing with Language This publication meets the AN SI/N ISO Standards for Permanence of Paper for Publications and Documents in Libraries and Archives (Z39.48- 1992). 57) Includes bibliographical references and index. (Michigan monograph series in Japanese studies no. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Endo, Orie, 1938 A Cultural history of Japanese women's language / Endo Orie. Published by the Center for Japanese Studies, The University of Michigan 1007 E. Michigan Monograph Series in Japanese Studies Number 57 Center for Japanese Studies The University of MichiganĪ Cultural History of Japanese Women's LanguageĬ en ter for Japanese Stud ies T he U niversity of M ichigan A nn A rb o rĬopyright © 2006 by The Regents of the University of Michigan All rights reserved
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